THE EVALUATION OF HEMATOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN IRAQI PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HYDATID CYST

Abstract

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an endemic disease that causes serious disease and economic loss in the majority of countries around the world. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of disease on some haematological, biochemical and immunological parameters in Iraqi patients with hydatid cyst. The study included 50 CE patients which their samples were collected from several hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, for CE removal surgery and 50 healthy controls. The serum was collected from January 2022 to June 2023. The patients group ranged in age was 20–55 years. Rural patients were infected at a higher rate than urban patients (58.00% and 42.00%, respectively), The lung was the most affected organ (74.00%), followed by the liver (18.00%), then the liver and lung together (8.00%). CE patients had significantly higher in number of white blood cell WBC than control group members (11.54 ± 0.23 and 7.87 ± 0.27, respectively). Alsothe levels of haemoglobin (Hb); packed cell volume (PCV), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ESR were elevated in patients with hydatid cyst (11.84 ± 0.18 mg/ml; 37.49 ± 0.58 mg/dl, and 30.17± 1.23 respectively) compared to individuals in the control group (13.60 ± 0.16; 42.90 ± 0.48, and 8.90 ± 0.91 respectively). They also found higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) 33.33% of patients with hydatid cysts.  Upon evaluating liver function in patients with CE, it was observed that there were elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (27.86 U/L and 32.74 U/L respectively) compared to individuals in the control group. The results demonstrated that the concentration of TNF-α in the serum of patients with CE was no significant (P < 0.05) compared to that of the controls group (154.44± 10.66 ng/L and 139.58± 7.64ng/L respectivelly). Conclusion: to our findings, the present study has explained that the infection with hydatid disaese affects haematological and liver function after examination of some biochemicals related to liver function and immunological parameters. This may interfere with their immune system's inflammatory response and contribute to the pathogenesis of CE.