THE INTERFERING EFFECT OF BIO- AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS UNDER TWO LEVELS OF WATER STRESS ON SOME PHYSICAL AND FERTILITY PROPERTIES OF THE SOIL AND THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SORGHUM

Abstract

In the spring season of 2023, a field experiment was carried out in a private field located in the al-Dura/Hor Rajab area. The purpose of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of various levels of bio-fertilizer (mycorrhiza and azospirillium bacteria) and the addition of organic fertilizer AgriM40 on the growth and yield of sorghum in saline soil. The experiment also examined the influence of two levels of water stress on the sorghum plants. The soil used in the experiment was a saline soil. The experimental design for the study site was the Split Split-Block arrangement with a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The study involved three factors: the primary factor was irrigation breaks, with two levels 5 and 10 days, the secondary factor was a bio-fertilizer consisting of a mixture of mycorrhiza fungus and azospirillium bacteria, with two levels without addition. The sub-secondary factor was organic fertilizer (Agri M40) with three levels (20, 40, and 80L ha^-1).  The findings demonstrated the improved performance of the I5 irrigation separator treatment in terms of nitrogen concentration in the soil and grain yield, with values of 21.088 mg kg^-1 soil and 6969.83 mg h^-1, respectively. The biofertilizer B1 treatment outperformed in terms grain yield, with values 6563.17 mg h^-1, respectively. Similarly, the organic fertilizer treatment 80Lha^-1 surpassed in grain yield, with values of 6551.00 mg h^-1, respectively. The simultaneous application of the bio-fertilizer and irrigation had a notable impact on the level of available potassium in the soil and the crop yield, resulting in a concentration of 8.040 mg kg^-1 soil and a yield of 171.80 mg h^-1. Regarding the simultaneous use of organic fertilizer and irrigation, there were notable disparities observed, respectively. In terms of the triple overlap, the coefficients I10B1C3, I10B1C2, and I5B1C3 exhibited considerable variations in the bulk density and concentration K of soil and grain yield. The values were 1.433 mg m^-3, 130.030 mg kg^-1 soil, and 7664.00 mg h^-1.