REQUIREMENTS FOR EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE IN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION IN IRAQ

Abstract

            The research aims to determine the requirements for effective governance in agricultural extension in Iraq, and to achieve goal search returned questionnaire in light of previous literature and studies related to the subject and the opinions of specialized experts and their approval thereof, which consists of (38) paragraphs distributed over (3) areas, namely: Administrative and organizational requirements. and Human requirements and Material and financial requirements. The research community included all the governorates of adult Iraq their number is (15) governorates with the exception of the governorates of the Kurdistan region Random sample of (50%) was drawn from it in (8) governorates, namely (Kirkuk, Baghdad, Diyala, Holy Karbala, Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf, Al-Qadisiyah,, Dhi Qar, Basra). The research was limited to (150) managers and (96) experts in the Department of Agricultural Extension and Training and its extension centers and farms, as well as the agricultural extension departments in the agricultural directorates in the governorates included in the research sample, and the agricultural extension units in the agricultural divisions affiliated with these directorates. Thus, the total number of the sample of respondents became (246) respondents. The data was collected, using the questionnaire and the personal interview method during the period from (16/7/2023 to 18/9/2023), the results of the research showed that the material and financial requirements came in first place with a weighted mean of (4.42) degrees, and a percentage weight of (88.3) degrees, followed by the human requirements with a weighted mean of (4.37) degrees, and a percentage weight of (87.3) degrees, while the organizational and administrative requirements came in last place with a weighted mean of (4.22) degrees, and a percentage weight of (84.29) degrees. Accordingly, the researchers recommended the necessity of the Ministry of Agriculture/ Department of Agricultural Extension and Training adopting all paragraphs. And the areas of governance requirements to advance the reality of agricultural extension work in Iraq.